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Intro; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Author; Abbreviations; 1 Introduction; Abstract; References; 2 Main Substantive Terms, Their Basic Differences and Links, and Leading Working Hypothesis; Abstract; 2.1 Definitions; 2.1.1 Humanity; 2.1.2 Laws of Humanity; 2.1.3 Principle of Humanity; 2.1.4 Crimes Against Humanity; 2.2 Differences; 2.3 Important Links; 2.4 Working Hypothesis; References; 3 Historical Overview of the Development of the Concept of Humanity in International Law and Crimes Against Humanity; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Evolutions Before the Adoption of the Nuremberg Charter3.2.1 The Ancient World; 3.2.1.1 Western Civilizations; 3.2.1.2 Non-Western Civilizations; 3.2.2 The Middle Ages; 3.2.2.1 Natural Law, ius gentium and Humanity; 3.2.2.2 The Renaissance Humanism Movement; 3.2.3 Impact of Immanuel Kant's Philosophy; 3.2.3.1 Kant's Formula of Humanity and International Law; 3.2.3.2 Crimes Against Humanity from the Kantian Perspective of Law; 3.2.4 The Principle of Humanity in the Development of International Humanitarian Law
3.2.4.1 Considerations of Humanity in the Earlier Evolution of the Law of Armed Conflict3.2.4.2 Impact of the Lieber Code and Its Principle of Humanity; 3.2.4.3 The Martens Clause and Laws of Humanity; 3.2.4.4 Legal Nature of the Principle of Humanity in International Humanitarian Law; 3.2.5 Armenian Massacres and Legal Attitudes Towards "Laws of Humanity" in Their Aftermath; 3.2.5.1 The 1915 Joint Declaration of France, Great Britain and Russia; 3.2.5.2 The Work of the 1919 Commission on the Responsibility of the Authors of the War; 3.2.5.3 Relevant Developments at the Treaty Law Level
3.3 Developments After the Adoption of the Nuremberg Charter3.3.1 Nuremberg International Military Tribunal; 3.3.1.1 The Charter of the International Military Tribunal; 3.3.1.2 Views on the Protected Object Under the Tribunal's Charter; 3.3.1.3 The Nuremberg Proceedings and the Judgement; 3.3.2 Subsequent Proceedings Under the Allied Control Council Law No. 10; 3.3.2.1 The Control Council Law No. 10; 3.3.2.2 Relevant Case Law; 3.3.3 Work of the International Law Commission; 3.3.3.1 The 1951 and 1954 Draft Codes of Offences Against the Peace and Security of Mankind
3.3.3.2 "Humanity" as a Protected Interest in the 1986 Draft Code of Offences Against the Peace and Security of Mankind3.3.3.3 The 1991 Draft Code of Crimes Against the Peace and Security of Mankind; 3.3.3.4 The Commission's Ongoing Work on Crimes Against Humanity; 3.3.4 Ad Hoc Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda; 3.3.4.1 The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia; 3.3.4.2 The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda; 3.3.4.3 "Inhumanity" of Crimes Against Humanity; 3.3.5 International Criminal Court; 3.4 Conclusion; References
3.2 Evolutions Before the Adoption of the Nuremberg Charter3.2.1 The Ancient World; 3.2.1.1 Western Civilizations; 3.2.1.2 Non-Western Civilizations; 3.2.2 The Middle Ages; 3.2.2.1 Natural Law, ius gentium and Humanity; 3.2.2.2 The Renaissance Humanism Movement; 3.2.3 Impact of Immanuel Kant's Philosophy; 3.2.3.1 Kant's Formula of Humanity and International Law; 3.2.3.2 Crimes Against Humanity from the Kantian Perspective of Law; 3.2.4 The Principle of Humanity in the Development of International Humanitarian Law
3.2.4.1 Considerations of Humanity in the Earlier Evolution of the Law of Armed Conflict3.2.4.2 Impact of the Lieber Code and Its Principle of Humanity; 3.2.4.3 The Martens Clause and Laws of Humanity; 3.2.4.4 Legal Nature of the Principle of Humanity in International Humanitarian Law; 3.2.5 Armenian Massacres and Legal Attitudes Towards "Laws of Humanity" in Their Aftermath; 3.2.5.1 The 1915 Joint Declaration of France, Great Britain and Russia; 3.2.5.2 The Work of the 1919 Commission on the Responsibility of the Authors of the War; 3.2.5.3 Relevant Developments at the Treaty Law Level
3.3 Developments After the Adoption of the Nuremberg Charter3.3.1 Nuremberg International Military Tribunal; 3.3.1.1 The Charter of the International Military Tribunal; 3.3.1.2 Views on the Protected Object Under the Tribunal's Charter; 3.3.1.3 The Nuremberg Proceedings and the Judgement; 3.3.2 Subsequent Proceedings Under the Allied Control Council Law No. 10; 3.3.2.1 The Control Council Law No. 10; 3.3.2.2 Relevant Case Law; 3.3.3 Work of the International Law Commission; 3.3.3.1 The 1951 and 1954 Draft Codes of Offences Against the Peace and Security of Mankind
3.3.3.2 "Humanity" as a Protected Interest in the 1986 Draft Code of Offences Against the Peace and Security of Mankind3.3.3.3 The 1991 Draft Code of Crimes Against the Peace and Security of Mankind; 3.3.3.4 The Commission's Ongoing Work on Crimes Against Humanity; 3.3.4 Ad Hoc Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda; 3.3.4.1 The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia; 3.3.4.2 The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda; 3.3.4.3 "Inhumanity" of Crimes Against Humanity; 3.3.5 International Criminal Court; 3.4 Conclusion; References