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Intro; Foreword; Acknowledgements; Contents; Notes on Contributors; List of Figures; List of Tables; 1: The Microfinance Alphabet; 2: Addressing Climate Change with Microfinance Plus: Experiences in Cattle and Coffee Regions of Nicaragua; 2.1 Challenges of Climate Change Policies in Rural Territories; 2.1.1 The Role of Rural Microfinance in a Climate Change Context; 2.2 Climate Change in Coffee and Cattle in Nicaragua: Evolving Knowledge Frames and Emerging Actions; 2.2.1 Climate Change Adaptation in Coffee; 2.2.1.1 Climate Change and Coffee Production
2.2.1.2 The Microfinance Plus Approach to Support Coffee Farmers' Adaptation to Climate Change2.2.2 Mitigation in Cattle Raising in Nicaraguan Agricultural Frontier; 2.2.2.1 The Environmental Pressure of Cattle Production; 2.2.2.2 Microfinance Plus to Transform Extensive Cattle; 2.3 Conclusions; References; 3: Remittances: Loan Funds for a Rural Economy? Evidence from the Kayes District (Western Mali); 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 A Customized Financial Product: Savings; 3.2 Microfinance; 3.3 A Readiness to Save; 3.3.1 The Kayes District
3.3.2 Migration and Productive Agricultural Investment3.3.2.1 My Family, My Community, My Homecoming!; 3.4 Conclusion; References; 4: Islamic Microfinance: Exploring the Experience of Akhuwat in Promoting Qard Hasan in Pakistan; 4.1 Introduction1; 4.2 An Introduction to Islamic Microfinance; 4.3 AIM and the Qard Hasan Model; 4.3.1 The Institution; 4.3.2 The Qard Hasan Microcredit Model; 4.4 A Working Hypothesis and Four Essential Questions on Qard Hasan and Islamic Microfinance; 4.4.1 Demand; 4.4.2 Sustainability; 4.4.3 Replicability; 4.4.4 Impact; 4.5 Conclusion; References
5: Relationship Lending in Microfinance: Do Women Benefit As Much As Men?5.1 Introduction1; 5.2 Progressive Lending in Practice and in the Literature; 5.2.1 Progressive Lending in Microfinance; 5.2.2 Progressive Lending in the Literature; 5.3 Data; 5.3.1 Data Preparation and Management; 5.3.2 Descriptive Statistics; 5.3.2.1 Evolution of Clients' Projects; 5.3.2.2 Evolution of Clients' Financial Situations; 5.3.2.3 Loan Amounts over Credit Cycles; 5.4 Methods and Results; 5.4.1 The Amounts Granted After the First Credit Cycle
5.4.2 The Evolution of Amounts from a Credit Cycle to the Next One5.4.3 Discussion of Initial Hypotheses; 5.5 Conclusion; References; 6: What Happens When Microfinance Programmes Are Withdrawn? A Conceptual Framework for Analysing Causal Effects; 6.1 Introduction and Motivation; 6.2 Relevant Literature and Specific Contributions; 6.3 Methodology: Analytical Framework for Measuring Withdrawal Effects; 6.3.1 Level 1. Macro-Level Impact; 6.3.1.1 Research Objectives; 6.3.1.2 Methodology; 6.3.1.3 Expected Results; 6.3.2 Level 2. Meso-Level Impact; 6.3.2.1 Research Objectives
2.2.1.2 The Microfinance Plus Approach to Support Coffee Farmers' Adaptation to Climate Change2.2.2 Mitigation in Cattle Raising in Nicaraguan Agricultural Frontier; 2.2.2.1 The Environmental Pressure of Cattle Production; 2.2.2.2 Microfinance Plus to Transform Extensive Cattle; 2.3 Conclusions; References; 3: Remittances: Loan Funds for a Rural Economy? Evidence from the Kayes District (Western Mali); 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 A Customized Financial Product: Savings; 3.2 Microfinance; 3.3 A Readiness to Save; 3.3.1 The Kayes District
3.3.2 Migration and Productive Agricultural Investment3.3.2.1 My Family, My Community, My Homecoming!; 3.4 Conclusion; References; 4: Islamic Microfinance: Exploring the Experience of Akhuwat in Promoting Qard Hasan in Pakistan; 4.1 Introduction1; 4.2 An Introduction to Islamic Microfinance; 4.3 AIM and the Qard Hasan Model; 4.3.1 The Institution; 4.3.2 The Qard Hasan Microcredit Model; 4.4 A Working Hypothesis and Four Essential Questions on Qard Hasan and Islamic Microfinance; 4.4.1 Demand; 4.4.2 Sustainability; 4.4.3 Replicability; 4.4.4 Impact; 4.5 Conclusion; References
5: Relationship Lending in Microfinance: Do Women Benefit As Much As Men?5.1 Introduction1; 5.2 Progressive Lending in Practice and in the Literature; 5.2.1 Progressive Lending in Microfinance; 5.2.2 Progressive Lending in the Literature; 5.3 Data; 5.3.1 Data Preparation and Management; 5.3.2 Descriptive Statistics; 5.3.2.1 Evolution of Clients' Projects; 5.3.2.2 Evolution of Clients' Financial Situations; 5.3.2.3 Loan Amounts over Credit Cycles; 5.4 Methods and Results; 5.4.1 The Amounts Granted After the First Credit Cycle
5.4.2 The Evolution of Amounts from a Credit Cycle to the Next One5.4.3 Discussion of Initial Hypotheses; 5.5 Conclusion; References; 6: What Happens When Microfinance Programmes Are Withdrawn? A Conceptual Framework for Analysing Causal Effects; 6.1 Introduction and Motivation; 6.2 Relevant Literature and Specific Contributions; 6.3 Methodology: Analytical Framework for Measuring Withdrawal Effects; 6.3.1 Level 1. Macro-Level Impact; 6.3.1.1 Research Objectives; 6.3.1.2 Methodology; 6.3.1.3 Expected Results; 6.3.2 Level 2. Meso-Level Impact; 6.3.2.1 Research Objectives