Polar night marine ecology : life and light in the dead of night / Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnson, Jonathan H. Cohen, editors.
2020
QH95.56
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Title
Polar night marine ecology : life and light in the dead of night / Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnson, Jonathan H. Cohen, editors.
ISBN
9783030332082 (electronic book)
303033208X (electronic book)
3030332071
9783030332075
303033208X (electronic book)
3030332071
9783030332075
Publication Details
Cham : Springer, 2020.
Language
English
Description
1 online resource
Item Number
10.1007/978-3-030-33208-2 doi
Call Number
QH95.56
Dewey Decimal Classification
577.7
Summary
Until recently, the prevailing view of marine life at high latitudes has been that organisms enter a general resting state during the dark Polar Night and that the system only awakens with the return of the sun. Recent research, however, with coordinated, multidisciplinary field campaigns based on the high Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard, have provided a radical new perspective. Instead of a system in dormancy, a new perspective of a system in full operation and with high levels of activity across all major phyla is emerging. Examples of such activities and processes include: Active marine organisms at sea surface, water column and the sea-floor. At surface we find active foraging in seabirds and fish, in the water column we find a high biodiversity and activity of zooplankton and larvae such as active light induced synchronized diurnal vertical migration, and at seafloor there is a high biodiversity in benthic animals and macroalgae. The Polar Night is a period for reproduction in many benthic and pelagic taxa, mass occurrence of ghost shrimps (Caprellides), high abundance of Ctenophores, physiological evidence of micro- and macroalgal cells that are ready to utilize the first rays of light when they appear, deep water fishes found at water surface in the Polar night, and continuous growth of bivalves throughout the winter. These findings not only begin to shape a new paradigm for marine winter ecology in the high Arctic, but also provide conclusive evidence for a top-down controlled system in which primary production levels are close to zero. In an era of environmental change that is accelerated at high latitudes, we believe that this new insight is likely to strongly impact how the scientific community views the high latitude marine ecosystem. Despite the overwhelming darkness, the main environmental variable affecting marine organisms in the Polar Night is in fact light. The light regime during the Polar Night is unique with respect to light intensity, spectral composition of light and photoperiod.
Note
Includes index.
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Digital File Characteristics
text file PDF
Series
Advances in Polar Ecology Ser.
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Print version: 9783030332075
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Table of Contents
Preface
The marine physical environment during the Polar Night
Light in the Polar Night
Marine micro- and macroalgae in the Polar Night
Zooplankton in the Polar Night
Benthic communities in the Polar Night
Fish ecology in the Polar Night
Biological clocks and rhythms in polar organisms
Sensor carrying platforms
Operative habitat mapping and monitoring in the Polar Night
The Polar Night exhibition: Life and light at the dead of night
Index.
The marine physical environment during the Polar Night
Light in the Polar Night
Marine micro- and macroalgae in the Polar Night
Zooplankton in the Polar Night
Benthic communities in the Polar Night
Fish ecology in the Polar Night
Biological clocks and rhythms in polar organisms
Sensor carrying platforms
Operative habitat mapping and monitoring in the Polar Night
The Polar Night exhibition: Life and light at the dead of night
Index.