Salivary gland: Savilon
Oesophageal sphincters: Upper oesophageal sphincter and lower oesophageal sphincter
Stomach as an Acid Producer
Homeostasis of gastric acid secretion: neurocrine, paracrine and endocrine system, proton pump inhibitors. Alkaline tide
Gastric mucosal barrier, Helicobacter pylori
Gastric motility: (Migrating Motor Complex, Receptive Relaxation, Accommodation, Retropulsion)
Gastric Emptying
Gastrointestinal Rhythmic Contractions Electrical Basis: Slow wave potential
Migratory Motor Complex (or migrating myoelectric complex), MMC, Motilin
Motility: Peristalsis, Segmentation, Haustration and Mass movement
Motility: Peristalsis, Segmentation, Haustration and Mass movement
Recycling of bile salts: Enterohepatic Circulation (EHC)
Intestinal Fluid Handling: Absorption
Intestinal Fluid Handling: Secretion
Pancreatic Exocrine function: Pancreatic acinar cell in pancreatic secretion, cholecystokinin (CCK), Auto- digestion
Pancreatic Exocrine function: Pancreatic ductal cell, CFTR chloride channel. Secretin
Carbohydrate Digestion: Small intestine as the site of digestion and absorption for dietary carbohydrate
Fat digestion: Bile salt, emulsification, micelles, lipases, chylomicrons
Protein Digestion
Protein Absorption
Defecation Reflex: Parasympathetic defecation reflex, intrinsic myenteric defection reflex
Resting Membrane Potential (RMP)
Equilibrium Potential
Membrane conductance
Action Potential
Neuronal excitability
Neuronal refractory period
Initiation zone
Saltatory conduction
Firing rate
Post-synaptic potentials
Synaptic delay
Summation
Neurotransmitter
Presynaptic inhibition
Adequate stimulus
Stimulus transduction
Stimulus coding
Adaptation
Sensory discrimination (acuity)
Motor neurons
Neuromuscular junction
Proprioception
Spinal reflex
Alpha-gamma coactivation.