Intro
Contents
About the Editors
Chapter 1: Rodent Stroke Model Guidelines: An Update
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The General Guideline for a Rodent Model for Stroke
1.3 STAIR Committee, Recommendations, and Guidelines
1.4 Intraluminal Model
1.5 Different Types of the Occluder and their Success Rate
1.6 PLL-Coated Occluders
1.7 Flame Blunted Occluders
1.8 Silicone-Rubber Coated Occluders
1.9 An Optimization Technique for Intraluminal Inserting Occluders
1.10 Optimization of Surgical Procedure
1.11 The Tamura Method of a Stroke Model

1.12 Infarction Area Estimation
1.13 Methods for Infarction Visualization
1.14 Direct Image of Infarction in Fresh Brain Sections Stained with TTC Solution
1.15 Digital Method for Defining the Infarction
1.16 Calculation of Infarction Volume
1.17 Preparation of Stroke Surgical Procedure
1.18 Koizumiś Suture Method
1.19 Longaś MCAO Method
1.20 Neurobehaviour Assessment of Functional Recovery
1.21 Assessment of Neurological Functional Outcomes
1.21.1 Composite Score
1.21.1.1 Bederson Scale and Neurological Deficit Scoring

1.21.1.2 Modified Neurological Severity Score
1.21.2 Motor Tests
1.21.2.1 Cylinder Test
1.21.2.2 Ledged Tapered Beam Test
1.21.2.3 Pellet Retrieval Task
1.21.3 Sensorimotor Test
1.21.3.1 Forelimb Flexion
1.21.3.2 Forelimb Placing
1.21.3.3 Accelerated Rotarod Test
1.21.3.4 Adhesive Removal Test
1.22 Anesthetics
1.23 Monitoring and Maintaining the Core Brain Temperature
1.24 Mechanical Ventilation, Blood Gases, Glucose, and Blood Pressure Monitoring
1.25 Pilot Study Plan and Implementation of a Preclinical Stroke Trial

1.26 Application of the Suitable Statistical Method for Data Analysis
1.27 Standard Operating Procedures for Creating a Stroke Model
1.28 Conclusion and Future Direction
References
Chapter 2: Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion: Stroke Model
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Importance of BCCAO
2.3 Permanent BCCAO
2.4 Transient BCCAO
2.5 BCCAO Sham Surgery
2.6 Factors Affecting the BCCAO
2.6.1 Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning
2.7 Effect of ROS
2.8 Effect of Mitochondrial Dysfunction
2.9 Role of the Apoptotic Pathway

2.10 Effect of BCCAO Duration and Animal Model Sex
2.11 Effect on Blood-Brain Barrier
2.12 Effect of Oxygen Free Radicals
2.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Rodent Model
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Clinical Manifestation, Diagnosis, and Prognosis of CVST
3.3 Clinical Recommendation for Management of CVST Patients
3.4 Experimental CVST Model Protocol
3.5 Precautions
3.6 TTC Staining Technique
3.7 Neurological Evaluation
3.8 CVST as a Preclinical Model for Evaluation of Neuroprotective Agents
References