Intro
Preface
Organization
Contents
Digital Participation
Youths' Digital Participation in the Early Phases of COVID-19 Lockdown
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Societal Participation and Digital Participation
2.2 COVID and Coping
3 The Survey Study
3.1 Research Questions
3.2 Variables and Operationalisation
3.3 Methods: Data Acquisition, Processing Pipeline, and Analysis
3.4 Participants
4 Results
4.1 Digital Support for Societal Participation (RQ1)
4.2 Youths' Backgrounds and Digital Participation (RQ2)
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions

Understanding Civic Engagement on Social Media Based on Users' Motivation to Contribute
1 Introduction
2 Related Work and Research Model
2.1 Civic Engagement on Social Media
2.2 Motivation for Civic Engagement on Social Media: Self-determination Theory
2.3 Research Model
3 Research Method
3.1 Sample
3.2 Measures
4 Results
4.1 Measurements
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
Appendix
References
Digital Society
Researching Digital Society: Using Data-Mining to Identify Relevant Themes from an Open Access Journal
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review

2.1 Topical Trends and Agendas Within Research Communities
2.2 Scholarly-led Publishing: Managing a Diamond OA Journal
3 Methods
3.1 Case Study
3.2 Data Mining
3.3 Qualitative Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Research Topics, Thematic Clusters and Sub-topics
4.2 Influential Factors of Journal Management
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Whose Agenda Is It Anyway? The Effect of Disinformation on COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the Netherlands
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Methodology
4 Results and Analysis

4.1 Distinguishing Disinformation from Regular Information
4.2 Measuring the Amount of Disinformation Over Time
4.3 Vaccination Willingness
4.4 Analysis
5 Discussion
References
A Conceptual Model for Approaching the Design of Anti-disinformation Tools
1 Introduction and Problem Discussion
2 Aim
3 Literature Review on the Qualities of Anti-disinformation Tools
3.1 Aspects of Anti-disinformation Tools
4 A Model for Evaluating Anti Disinformation Tools for Conceptual Purposes
5 Review of Anti-disinformation Tools
6 A Model for Evaluating the Concept Space of Anti-disinformation Tools.