Introduction to the semantics of law / Andrzej Malec.
Malec, Andrzej.
2022
K213
Available Online

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Title Introduction to the semantics of law / Andrzej Malec.
Author Malec, Andrzej.
ISBN 9783030956790 (electronic bk.)
3030956792 (electronic bk.)
3030956784
9783030956783
DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95679-0
Imprint Cham, Switzerland : Springer, 2022.
Language English
Description 1 online resource.
Other Standard Identifiers 10.1007/978-3-030-95679-0 doi
Call Number K213
Dewey Decimal Classification 340/.11
Summary This book offers an introduction to the language of law from the perspective of logical semantics. As a logical tool, Boguslaw Wolniewiczs formal ontology of situations is adapted. The central issue addressed is the meaning of normative statements, primarily legal norms. The main outcome of the book consists in explications of several legal notions (including legal events, legal acts and legal rules) in terms of the formal ontology of situations. In addition, the book concludes that legal norms are sentences in a logical sense, so some are true, while others are false, and that their logical value does not depend on whether or not they were adopted in the law-making process. Lastly, the book contends that there are semantic relations between orders that are similar to entailment, contradiction, opposition, and sub-opposition, despite the fact that orders are not sentences in a logical sense, i.e., they are neither true nor false. The book also presents some original Wittgenstein-style deontic logics built on the first order logic. The formal results are applied to selected problems in the theory of law, including the problem of the possibility of algorithmic application of legal norms.
Bibliography, etc. Note Includes bibliographical references.
Access Note Access limited to authorized users.
Source of Description Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed May 3, 2022).
Series Law and visual jurisprudence ; v. 6.
Available in Other Form Print version: 9783030956783
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Intro
Acknowledgments
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 What Makes a Book on the Semantics of Law Worth Reading?
1.2 What Is the Law?
1.3 What Are the Legal Events? What Are the Acts?
1.4 Can the Legal Norms Be True?
1.5 Can a Norm Result from Another Norm?
1.6 Can an Order Result from Another Order?
1.7 Can Semantics Distinguish Between Natural Law and Statutory Law?
1.8 How Shall the Semantic Issues Be Examined?
1.9 How to Interpret the Language of Law?
1.10 How to Apply the Law?
1.11 Why Are the Legal Reasoning Rules Valid?

1.12 How to Formalize Legal Logic?
1.13 How Can Legal Logic Help in the Computer-Assisted Application of Law?
1.14 How Can Legal Logic Help in the Computer-Assisted Creation of Law?
1.15 In Tribute to Ludwig Wittgenstein
1.16 Not So Easy Introduction
References
Chapter 2: Basic Semantic Concepts
2.1 Domains, Subject Languages, Meta-languages
2.2 Kinds of Legal Objects
2.3 Kinds of Subject Language Expressions
2.4 Interpretation, Veracity and Semantic Relations
2.5 Semantic Models and Other Methods
References
Chapter 3: A Model of the Domain of Law

3.1 A Concrete Basis of the Law Domain
3.2 Wolniewiczś Ontology of Situations
3.3 Legal Events
3.4 Event as a Sequence of Situations
3.5 Accessibility Relations
3.5.1 The R Relation of Direct Accessibility Between Possible Worlds
3.5.2 The R+ Relation of Indirect Accessibility Between Possible Worlds
3.5.3 The SER Relation of Direct Accessibility Between Proper Situations
3.5.4 The SIR Relation of Direct Accessibility Between Alternative Situations
3.5.5 The SER+ Relation of Indirect Accessibility Between Proper Situations

3.5.6 The SIR+ Relation of Indirect Accessibility Between Alternative Situations
3.5.7 The Accessibility Relations and the Set of Natural Events
3.6 Legal Events in Terms of the Ontology of Situations
3.7 Legal Rules as Specific Sets of Events
3.7.1 Towards the Concept of Legal Rule
3.7.2 Basic Conditions for Legal Rules
3.7.3 Conditions Based on Properties of Acts
3.7.4 Conditions Based on Properties of Situations
3.7.5 Towards the Mathematization of the Law Domain
References
Chapter 4: A Model of the Language of Law
4.1 The Vocabulary and Grammar

4.2 Interpretation of the Subject Language Expressions
4.3 The First Order Logic as a Basis of Legal Theories
4.4 Theories of Legal Events
4.4.1 Theory 1: All Legal Events Are Permitted (AEP)
4.4.2 Theory 2: All Legal Events Are Either Permitted or Forbidden (AEPF)
4.4.3 Theory 3: All Legal Events Are Either Permitted or Ordered or Forbidden (AEPOF)
4.4.4 Theory 4: All Legal Events Are Either Permitted or Ordered or Forbidden or Irrelevant (AEPOFI)
4.4.5 Existence of Legal Events
4.4.6 Selected Theorems of Legal Events Theories
4.5 Theories of Simple Acts

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