Computers Helping People with Special Needs
Preface
Organization
Contents
Part I
Contents
Part II
Art Karshmer Lectures in Access to Mathematics, Science and Engineering
Art Karshmer Lectures in Access to Mathematics, Science and Engineering
1 Accessing
2 Understanding
3 Doing
4 Graphical Content
References
Conversion of Multi-lingual STEM Documents in E-Born PDF into Various Accessible E-Formats
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Method
4 Multilingual Support in GUI
5 Evaluation
6 Conclusion and Future Works
References

An Efficient Method to Produce Accessible Contents for Online STEM Education
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Preliminary Evaluation Report
4 Conclusion and Future Tasks
References
Making Equations Accessible in Scientific Documents
1 Introduction
2 Previous Work
3 Methodology
3.1 Pipeline
3.2 Heuristics
Display and Inline Maths
4 Work Status and Results
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Towards Semantically Enhanced Audio Rendering of Equations
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Contextual Semantic Analysis
3 Literature Review
4 Architecture

4.1 Definition Extractor
4.2 Classifier
4.3 Semantic Extractor
4.4 Scope Finder
5 Conclusion
References
Accessible Chemical Structural Formulas Through Interactive Document Labeling
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Accessibility of Structural Formulas
2.2 Learning-Based Detection and Labeling of Structural Formulas
3 Interactive Labeling of Structural Formulas
4 Evaluation
5 Conclusions
References
Designing an Inclusive and Accessible Mathematical Learning Environment Based on a Theorem Prover
1 Introduction

2 A Vision for Educational Math Software
3 User Requirements
4 Case Study: Solving Complex Problems
4.1 An Example from Electrical Engineering
4.2 From Text and Figure to Formulas
4.3 ``Next-Step Guidance'' by a Hidden Formalisation
4.4 Relate the Problem to Available Knowledge
4.5 Iterating through the Tasks
5 Conclusion
References
Developing a Corpus of Hierarchically Classified STEM Images for Accessibility Purposes
1 Introduction
2 Images' Selection State of the Art
3 Corpus Creation Methodology
4 Image Classification
4.1 Creation of Categories

4.2 Assigning Images to Categories
5 Conclusions
References
Effective Non-visual Access to Diagrams via an Augmented Natural Language Interface
1 Introduction
1.1 Diagram Accessibility
1.2 AUDiaL: A Natural Language Interface to Diagrams
2 Accessible NLI to Diagrams
2.1 HCI Techniques for NLI Accessibility
2.2 Validation
3 Conclusion
References
Interface for Automatic Tactile Display of Data Plots
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Comparison of Different Computer Algebraic Systems
4 The Tactile Plot Application
4.1 Interaction Concept