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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface
Contents
Contributors
Abbreviations
Part I: Antitrust in Data Driven Markets
1: International Report
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background
1.3 Defining the Term ``Platform ́́
1.3.1 Legal Framework
1.3.2 Characteristics
1.3.3 Different Types of Digital Platforms
1.3.4 Market Definition
1.4 Market for Free Services
1.4.1 General
1.4.2 Fundamental Acceptance of the Concept of Markets for Free Services
1.4.3 Methodological Issues
1.5 Market Power and Abuse of Dominant Position
1.5.1 General
1.5.2 Relevant Criteria
1.5.3 Relative Market Power or Economic Dependency
1.5.4 Other Legal Instruments
1.6 Undertakings with Excessive Market Power
1.6.1 General
1.6.2 European Level: Digital Markets Act
1.6.3 German Law
1.6.4 French Law
1.6.5 UK Law
1.6.6 Other Jurisdictions
1.7 Comparison Portals
1.8 Most Favoured Nation Clauses
1.8.1 General
1.8.2 MFN-Related Specific Regulation
1.9 Interaction Between Competition Law and Data Protection Regulation
1.9.1 General
1.9.2 Starting Point: Complementary Relationship
1.9.3 Current Approaches
1.9.4 Need for Further Coordination
1.10 General Terms and Conditions, Consumer Protection
1.11 Telecommunication Sector
1.11.1 General
1.11.2 Consumer Protection
1.11.3 Mergers and Abuse of Dominant Position
1.12 Summary
2: Australia
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Platform
2.3 Relevant Market and Free Services
2.4 Market Power and Data
2.5 Misuse of Market Power
2.5.1 Sector-Specific Regulation: Telecommunications Industry
2.6 Acquisition of Market Power
2.7 Consumer Protection
2.7.1 Data Collection
2.7.2 ACL Provisions
2.7.2.1 Unfair Contract Terms
2.7.2.2 Unfair Trading Practices
2.7.3 Comparator Websites
2.7.4 Price Parity Clauses
2.8 Data Protection
2.8.1 Background to the Australian Information Privacy Law Framework
2.8.2 The Platform Context
2.8.3 The CDR
2.9 Online Advertising
2.10 Conclusion
3: Austria
3.1 Introductory Remarks
3.2 The Role of Antitrust Authorities Regarding the Digital Economy
3.2.1 Digitalization, a New Field of Law in Austrian Competition Law
3.2.2 Austrian Competition Law and Its General Approach to the Digital Economy
3.2.3 Austrian Competition Law and Data Protection, Compared to the German Law and Practice
3.2.4 Assessment of Market Power and the Relevance of Network Effects in Digital Markets
3.2.5 Amazon and the General Definition and Concept of a `Platform ́
3.2.6 Can There Be an Antitrust `Market ́for Free Services?
3.2.7 Online Advertising
3.2.8 Best-Price Clauses and Most-Favoured-Nation Clauses
3.2.9 Network Cooperation in the Telecommunication Sector
3.2.10 Abuse Without Dominance?
3.2.11 Consumer Protection
4: Belgium
4.1 Introduction
Preface
Contents
Contributors
Abbreviations
Part I: Antitrust in Data Driven Markets
1: International Report
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background
1.3 Defining the Term ``Platform ́́
1.3.1 Legal Framework
1.3.2 Characteristics
1.3.3 Different Types of Digital Platforms
1.3.4 Market Definition
1.4 Market for Free Services
1.4.1 General
1.4.2 Fundamental Acceptance of the Concept of Markets for Free Services
1.4.3 Methodological Issues
1.5 Market Power and Abuse of Dominant Position
1.5.1 General
1.5.2 Relevant Criteria
1.5.3 Relative Market Power or Economic Dependency
1.5.4 Other Legal Instruments
1.6 Undertakings with Excessive Market Power
1.6.1 General
1.6.2 European Level: Digital Markets Act
1.6.3 German Law
1.6.4 French Law
1.6.5 UK Law
1.6.6 Other Jurisdictions
1.7 Comparison Portals
1.8 Most Favoured Nation Clauses
1.8.1 General
1.8.2 MFN-Related Specific Regulation
1.9 Interaction Between Competition Law and Data Protection Regulation
1.9.1 General
1.9.2 Starting Point: Complementary Relationship
1.9.3 Current Approaches
1.9.4 Need for Further Coordination
1.10 General Terms and Conditions, Consumer Protection
1.11 Telecommunication Sector
1.11.1 General
1.11.2 Consumer Protection
1.11.3 Mergers and Abuse of Dominant Position
1.12 Summary
2: Australia
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Platform
2.3 Relevant Market and Free Services
2.4 Market Power and Data
2.5 Misuse of Market Power
2.5.1 Sector-Specific Regulation: Telecommunications Industry
2.6 Acquisition of Market Power
2.7 Consumer Protection
2.7.1 Data Collection
2.7.2 ACL Provisions
2.7.2.1 Unfair Contract Terms
2.7.2.2 Unfair Trading Practices
2.7.3 Comparator Websites
2.7.4 Price Parity Clauses
2.8 Data Protection
2.8.1 Background to the Australian Information Privacy Law Framework
2.8.2 The Platform Context
2.8.3 The CDR
2.9 Online Advertising
2.10 Conclusion
3: Austria
3.1 Introductory Remarks
3.2 The Role of Antitrust Authorities Regarding the Digital Economy
3.2.1 Digitalization, a New Field of Law in Austrian Competition Law
3.2.2 Austrian Competition Law and Its General Approach to the Digital Economy
3.2.3 Austrian Competition Law and Data Protection, Compared to the German Law and Practice
3.2.4 Assessment of Market Power and the Relevance of Network Effects in Digital Markets
3.2.5 Amazon and the General Definition and Concept of a `Platform ́
3.2.6 Can There Be an Antitrust `Market ́for Free Services?
3.2.7 Online Advertising
3.2.8 Best-Price Clauses and Most-Favoured-Nation Clauses
3.2.9 Network Cooperation in the Telecommunication Sector
3.2.10 Abuse Without Dominance?
3.2.11 Consumer Protection
4: Belgium
4.1 Introduction