Intro
Acknowledgments
Contents
List of Editors and Contributors
Editors
Contributors
An Overview of Private Security and Policing in the United States
1 Introduction
2 Recent Trends
3 The US Investigative Services Industry
4 The US Guard Services Industry
5 Private Security Guards and Crime
6 The Relationship Between Police and Private Security
7 Discussion
8 Conclusion
References
Part I: General Security Issues
Allocating Police and Security: Comparing Public and Private Processes and Consequences
1 Introduction

2 Is Policing a Private Good, Public Good, or Something Else?
2.1 What Else Do Police Do?
2.2 What About Policing (and Security) Services That Actually Are Non-rivalrous and Non-excludable?
2.3 Rivalrous Use of Policing
2.4 Excludability and Police Services
3 Rationing Public Police
3.1 Politics, Legislation and Police Rationing
3.2 Interest Group Strategies by Police
3.3 Rationing by Time or Merit: Excess Demand and Police Discretion
3.4 Will Increase Budgets Solve the Problems of Excess Demand and Police Discretion?
3.5 Police Discretion and Discrimination

3.6 Discretion and Police Abuse
3.7 Barriers to Disciplining Police for Abuse: Unions, Qualified Immunity, and Indemnification
4 Allocation of Private Security and Resulting Behavior
4.1 Private Investigation and Pursuit
4.2 Abuse by Suppliers of Private Crime Control
4.3 Political Interference in Markets for Private Security
5 Conclusions
References
Public Space Crime Prevention Partnerships: Reviewing the Evidence
1 Background: Public-Private Partnerships & Crime Theories
1.1 Types of Police/Private Security Collaboration

1.2 Crime Prevention Theory and the Security Industry
2 Police and Security Foot Patrols
3 Business Improvement Districts
4 Evaluated Intervention Case Studies
5 Best Practice Principles
6 Conclusion
References
Australian Public and Private Crime Prevention Partnerships in Cyberspace
1 Introduction
2 The Modern Phenomenon of Cybercrime
3 Policing Cybercrime
4 The Specialist Private Sector in Cybercrime Prevention
4.1 Digital Imaging and Other Surveillance Tools
4.2 Metadata Retention
5 Concerns about Public/Private Partnerships
6 The Right Balance

7 Co-opting Private Sector Prevention
7.1 Legislation
7.2 Case Study: Project Sunbird
8 What Is to Be Done?
9 Conclusion
References
Private Security Confounds Estimates of Public Police and Crime
1 Introduction
2 Data
3 Models
4 Results
4.1 Descriptive
4.1.1 Property Crime
4.1.2 Violent Crime
4.2 An Attempt at Causal Estimates
4.2.1 Method and Data
4.2.2 Not Holding Private Security Constant
4.2.3 Association Between COPS Grants and Private Security
4.2.4 Public Security and Crime, Holding Private Security Constant
5 Conclusion
Appendix