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Foreword I; Foreword II; Foreword III; Foreword IV; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Authors; Abstract; 1 Introduction to Grey Systems Research; 1.1 Appearance and Growth of Grey Systems Research; 1.2 Development History and Current State; 1.3 Characteristics of Uncertain System; 1.3.1 Incomplete Information; 1.3.2 Inaccuracies in Data; 1.3.3 The Scientific Principle of Simplicity; 1.3.4 Precise Models Suffer from Inaccuracies; 1.4 Comparison of Several Studies of Uncertain Systems; 1.5 Most Actively Studied Uncertain Systems Theories; 1.6 Elementary Concepts of Grey System.
1.7 Fundamental Principles of Grey Systems; 2 The Grey Systems Theory Framework; 2.1 Grey Models and Framework; 2.2 The Thinking, Models and Framework of Grey Systems Theory; 2.2.1 Grey Numbers and Its Operations; 2.2.2 The Grey Sequence Operator; 2.2.3 The Grey Prediction Models; 2.2.4 Grey Incidence Analysis Models; 2.2.5 Grey Clustering Evaluation Models; 2.2.6 Grey Decision-Making Models; 2.2.7 Combined Grey Models; 2.2.8 Grey Control Models; 2.3 The New Framework and Main Components of Grey Systems Theory; 3 Grey Numbers and Their Operations; 3.1 Grey Numbers.
3.2 The Whitenization of a Grey Number and Degree of Greyness; 3.3 Degree of Greyness Defined by Axioms; 3.4 The Operations of Interval Grey Numbers; 3.5 General Grey Numbers and Their Operations; 3.5.1 Reduced Form of Interval Grey Numbers; 3.5.2 General Grey Numbers and Their Reduced Form; 3.5.3 Synthesis of Degree of Greyness and Operations of General Grey Numbers; 4 Sequence Operators and Grey Data Mining; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Systems Under Shocking Disturbances and Buffer Operators; 4.2.1 The Trap for Shocking Disturbed System Forecasting; 4.2.2 Axioms that Define Buffer Operators.
4.2.3 Properties of Buffer Operators; 4.3 Construction of Practically Useful Buffer Operators; 4.3.1 Weakening Buffer Operators; 4.3.2 Strengthening Buffer Operators; 4.3.3 The General Form of Buffer Operator; 4.4 Average Operator; 4.5 The Quasi-Smooth Sequence and Stepwise Ratio Operator; 4.6 Accumulating and Inverse Accumulating Operators; 4.7 Exponentiality of Accumulating Generation; 5 Grey Incidence Analysis Models; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Grey Incidence Factors and Set of Grey Incidence Operators; 5.3 Degrees of Grey Incidences Model; 5.4 Absolute Degree of Grey Incidence Model.
5.4.1 Relative and Synthetic Degree of Grey Incidence Models; 5.4.1.1 Relative Degree of Grey Incidence Model; 5.4.1.2 Synthetic Degree of Grey Incidence Model; 5.4.2 Similarity, Closeness and Three-Dimensional Degree of Grey Incidence Models; 5.4.2.1 Grey Incidence Models Based on Similarity and Closeness; 5.4.2.2 Three-Dimension Degree of Grey Incidence Models; 5.5 Superiority Analysis; 5.5.1 Practical Application; 6 Grey Clustering Evaluation Models; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Grey Incidence Clustering Model; 6.3 Variable Weight Grey Clustering Model; 6.4 Fixed Weight Grey Clustering Model.
1.7 Fundamental Principles of Grey Systems; 2 The Grey Systems Theory Framework; 2.1 Grey Models and Framework; 2.2 The Thinking, Models and Framework of Grey Systems Theory; 2.2.1 Grey Numbers and Its Operations; 2.2.2 The Grey Sequence Operator; 2.2.3 The Grey Prediction Models; 2.2.4 Grey Incidence Analysis Models; 2.2.5 Grey Clustering Evaluation Models; 2.2.6 Grey Decision-Making Models; 2.2.7 Combined Grey Models; 2.2.8 Grey Control Models; 2.3 The New Framework and Main Components of Grey Systems Theory; 3 Grey Numbers and Their Operations; 3.1 Grey Numbers.
3.2 The Whitenization of a Grey Number and Degree of Greyness; 3.3 Degree of Greyness Defined by Axioms; 3.4 The Operations of Interval Grey Numbers; 3.5 General Grey Numbers and Their Operations; 3.5.1 Reduced Form of Interval Grey Numbers; 3.5.2 General Grey Numbers and Their Reduced Form; 3.5.3 Synthesis of Degree of Greyness and Operations of General Grey Numbers; 4 Sequence Operators and Grey Data Mining; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Systems Under Shocking Disturbances and Buffer Operators; 4.2.1 The Trap for Shocking Disturbed System Forecasting; 4.2.2 Axioms that Define Buffer Operators.
4.2.3 Properties of Buffer Operators; 4.3 Construction of Practically Useful Buffer Operators; 4.3.1 Weakening Buffer Operators; 4.3.2 Strengthening Buffer Operators; 4.3.3 The General Form of Buffer Operator; 4.4 Average Operator; 4.5 The Quasi-Smooth Sequence and Stepwise Ratio Operator; 4.6 Accumulating and Inverse Accumulating Operators; 4.7 Exponentiality of Accumulating Generation; 5 Grey Incidence Analysis Models; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Grey Incidence Factors and Set of Grey Incidence Operators; 5.3 Degrees of Grey Incidences Model; 5.4 Absolute Degree of Grey Incidence Model.
5.4.1 Relative and Synthetic Degree of Grey Incidence Models; 5.4.1.1 Relative Degree of Grey Incidence Model; 5.4.1.2 Synthetic Degree of Grey Incidence Model; 5.4.2 Similarity, Closeness and Three-Dimensional Degree of Grey Incidence Models; 5.4.2.1 Grey Incidence Models Based on Similarity and Closeness; 5.4.2.2 Three-Dimension Degree of Grey Incidence Models; 5.5 Superiority Analysis; 5.5.1 Practical Application; 6 Grey Clustering Evaluation Models; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Grey Incidence Clustering Model; 6.3 Variable Weight Grey Clustering Model; 6.4 Fixed Weight Grey Clustering Model.