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Epidemiology and Molecular Biology of HPV Positive HNSCC; 1 HPV in Head and Neck Cancer-30ßYears of History; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Milestones; 3 HPV and Oral Cavity Cancer; 4 HPV and Palatine Tonsil Cancer; 5 HPV and Sinonasal Cancer; 6 HPV and Nasopharyngeal Cancer; 7 HPV and Laryngeal Cancer; References; 2 Epidemiology of HPV-Positive Tumors in Europe and in the World; Abstract; 1 The Contribution of HPV in the Etiology of HNCs; 1.1 The ICO Study on HPV in HNCs; 1.2 HPV-Type Distribution in HNCs; 2 Burden of HPV-Related HNCs.
3 Determinants for HPV-Positive Head and Neck CancersReferences; 3 Molecular Patterns and Biology of HPV-Associated HNSCC; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Genetic Progression Model of Head and Neck Cancer; 1.1.1 Precursor Lesions in the Mucosal Linings; 1.1.2 Field Cancerization; 1.2 Cancer-Associated Changes in Head and Neck Carcinogenesis; 1.2.1 Different Genetics in HPV+ve and HPV-ve Tumors; 1.2.2 Different Expression Profiles HPV+ve and HPV-ve; 1.2.3 Regulation of Gene Expression by Epigenetics and MicroRNAs; 2 Conclusion; References.
4 HPV Integration in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Cause and ConsequenceAbstract; 1 Human Papillomavirusesßand Their Life Cycle; 2 Mechanisms Involved in and Approaches to Detect HPV Integration; 3 Identification of HPV Integration Sites in the Human Genome; 4 Consequences of Viral Integration: Viral Gene Expression; 5 Consequences of Viral Integration: Human Gene Expression; 6 HPV Integration in Relation to Viral Load, Methylated Genes and Outcome; References; 5 Risk Factors for Oral Infection with Human Papillomavirus; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Age and Gender; 3 Sexual Behavior.
4 Smoking5 HIV and Immunosuppression; 6 Conclusions; References; HPV Testing; 6 HPV-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: "Classic" Type ("Classic" SCC); 3 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: "Verrucous" Type ("Verrucous" SCC); 4 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: "Spindle Cell" ("Sarcomatoid") Type ("Spindle Cell" SCC); 5 Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma (BSCC); 6 Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PSCC); 7 Adenosquamous Carcinoma (AdSC); 8 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/Lymphoepithelioma (NPC); 9 Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma (Anaplastic) (SNUC).
10 ConclusionsReferences; 7 HPV Testing of Head and Neck Cancer in Clinical Practice; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Indications for HPV Testing in the Head and Neck Cancer; 3 The Detection of HPV in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Biopsies Using Test Algorithms; 3.1 VU University Medical Centre HPV Test Algorithm; 3.2 The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions HPV Test Algorithm; 4 p16 Immunohistochemistry; 5 Detection of HPV DNA; 6 Detection of HPV RNA; References; 8 Variation of HPV Subtypes with Focus on HPV-Infection and Cancer in the Head and Neck Region; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Function of Oncogenic HPV Proteins.
3 Determinants for HPV-Positive Head and Neck CancersReferences; 3 Molecular Patterns and Biology of HPV-Associated HNSCC; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Genetic Progression Model of Head and Neck Cancer; 1.1.1 Precursor Lesions in the Mucosal Linings; 1.1.2 Field Cancerization; 1.2 Cancer-Associated Changes in Head and Neck Carcinogenesis; 1.2.1 Different Genetics in HPV+ve and HPV-ve Tumors; 1.2.2 Different Expression Profiles HPV+ve and HPV-ve; 1.2.3 Regulation of Gene Expression by Epigenetics and MicroRNAs; 2 Conclusion; References.
4 HPV Integration in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Cause and ConsequenceAbstract; 1 Human Papillomavirusesßand Their Life Cycle; 2 Mechanisms Involved in and Approaches to Detect HPV Integration; 3 Identification of HPV Integration Sites in the Human Genome; 4 Consequences of Viral Integration: Viral Gene Expression; 5 Consequences of Viral Integration: Human Gene Expression; 6 HPV Integration in Relation to Viral Load, Methylated Genes and Outcome; References; 5 Risk Factors for Oral Infection with Human Papillomavirus; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Age and Gender; 3 Sexual Behavior.
4 Smoking5 HIV and Immunosuppression; 6 Conclusions; References; HPV Testing; 6 HPV-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: "Classic" Type ("Classic" SCC); 3 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: "Verrucous" Type ("Verrucous" SCC); 4 Squamous Cell Carcinoma: "Spindle Cell" ("Sarcomatoid") Type ("Spindle Cell" SCC); 5 Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma (BSCC); 6 Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PSCC); 7 Adenosquamous Carcinoma (AdSC); 8 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/Lymphoepithelioma (NPC); 9 Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma (Anaplastic) (SNUC).
10 ConclusionsReferences; 7 HPV Testing of Head and Neck Cancer in Clinical Practice; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Indications for HPV Testing in the Head and Neck Cancer; 3 The Detection of HPV in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Biopsies Using Test Algorithms; 3.1 VU University Medical Centre HPV Test Algorithm; 3.2 The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions HPV Test Algorithm; 4 p16 Immunohistochemistry; 5 Detection of HPV DNA; 6 Detection of HPV RNA; References; 8 Variation of HPV Subtypes with Focus on HPV-Infection and Cancer in the Head and Neck Region; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Function of Oncogenic HPV Proteins.