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Preface; Contents; 1 Recovery Technologies for Lipophilic Bioactives; Abstract; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Lipophilic Bioactives; 1.2.1 Carotenoids; 1.2.2 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) ; 1.2.3 Tocopherols and Tocotrienols; 1.2.4 Phytosterols; 1.2.5 Squalene; 1.2.6 Essential Oils; 1.3 Methodologies for Extraction of Lipophilic Bioactives; 1.3.1 Conventional Extraction Techniques; 1.3.2 Non-conventional Extraction Techniques; 1.3.2.1 Supercritical Fluid Extraction; 1.3.2.2 Other Non-conventional Extraction Techniques; 1.4 Extraction of Lipophilic Bioactives; 1.4.1 Carotenoids
1.4.2 Fatty Acids1.4.3 Tocopherols and Tocotrienols; 1.4.4 Phytosterols; 1.4.5 Squalene; 1.4.6 Essential Oils; 1.5 Process Optimization for Targeting Bioactivity; 1.6 Summary; References; 2 Recovery Technologies for Water-Soluble Bioactives: Advances in Membrane-Based Processes; Abstract; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Basic Principles of Pressure-Driven Membrane Operations; 2.2.1 Membrane Types and Modules; 2.2.2 Pressure-Driven Membrane Operations; 2.2.3 Concentration Polarization and Membrane Fouling; 2.3 Milk and Dairy Industry; 2.3.1 Milk Processing; 2.3.2 Whey Processing
2.4 Fish-Processing Wastewater Treatment2.5 Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Vegetable Extracts; 2.5.1 Soy Protein Extracts; 2.5.2 Olive Mill Wastewater; 2.6 Conclusions and Future Trends; References; 3 Industrial Production of Active Probiotics for Food Enrichment; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction to Probiotics; 3.2 Industrial Probiotic Products; 3.2.1 Fortified Dairy Products; 3.2.1.1 Probiotic Milk; 3.2.1.2 Probiotic Cheese; 3.2.1.3 Probiotic Yogurt; 3.2.2 Whey (Protein)-Based Probiotic Products; 3.3 Applications of Probiotics; 3.3.1 Medical Applications; 3.3.2 Soil Fertility in Agriculture
3.3.3 Veterinary Applications3.3.4 Aquaculture Enhancement; 3.4 Probiotic Stability; 3.4.1 Technological Approach for Stability of Industrial Probiotics; 3.4.1.1 Extruded Beads; 3.4.1.2 Emulsion Precipitation; 3.4.1.3 Spray Drying; 3.4.2 Biological Approaches for Producing Industrially Stable Probiotics; 3.4.2.1 Screening for Naturally Resistant Strains; 3.4.2.2 Acclimatization of Naturally Occurring Probiotic Strains; 3.4.2.3 Producing Genetically Engineered Strains; 3.5 Safety of Probiotics; 3.6 Technological Hurdles; 3.7 Present and Future of Probiotics; 3.8 Conclusions; References
4 Microencapsulation TechnologiesAbstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Ingredients Used in the Formulation of Food-Grade Microencapsulated Products; 4.3 Microencapsulation Technologies for Bioactive Delivery; 4.3.1 Physical Processes; 4.3.1.1 Drying; Spray Drying; Freeze Drying; 4.3.1.2 Spray Chilling; 4.3.1.3 Fluidized Bed Coating; 4.3.1.4 Extrusion; Extrusion-Dripping Technologies; Extrusion Cooking; 4.3.1.5 Spinning Disk Systems; 4.3.1.6 Supercritical Fluid Encapsulation; 4.3.2 Physico-chemical Processes; 4.3.2.1 Coacervation; 4.3.2.2 Inclusion Complexation; 4.3.2.3 Liposome Entrapment
1.4.2 Fatty Acids1.4.3 Tocopherols and Tocotrienols; 1.4.4 Phytosterols; 1.4.5 Squalene; 1.4.6 Essential Oils; 1.5 Process Optimization for Targeting Bioactivity; 1.6 Summary; References; 2 Recovery Technologies for Water-Soluble Bioactives: Advances in Membrane-Based Processes; Abstract; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Basic Principles of Pressure-Driven Membrane Operations; 2.2.1 Membrane Types and Modules; 2.2.2 Pressure-Driven Membrane Operations; 2.2.3 Concentration Polarization and Membrane Fouling; 2.3 Milk and Dairy Industry; 2.3.1 Milk Processing; 2.3.2 Whey Processing
2.4 Fish-Processing Wastewater Treatment2.5 Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Vegetable Extracts; 2.5.1 Soy Protein Extracts; 2.5.2 Olive Mill Wastewater; 2.6 Conclusions and Future Trends; References; 3 Industrial Production of Active Probiotics for Food Enrichment; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction to Probiotics; 3.2 Industrial Probiotic Products; 3.2.1 Fortified Dairy Products; 3.2.1.1 Probiotic Milk; 3.2.1.2 Probiotic Cheese; 3.2.1.3 Probiotic Yogurt; 3.2.2 Whey (Protein)-Based Probiotic Products; 3.3 Applications of Probiotics; 3.3.1 Medical Applications; 3.3.2 Soil Fertility in Agriculture
3.3.3 Veterinary Applications3.3.4 Aquaculture Enhancement; 3.4 Probiotic Stability; 3.4.1 Technological Approach for Stability of Industrial Probiotics; 3.4.1.1 Extruded Beads; 3.4.1.2 Emulsion Precipitation; 3.4.1.3 Spray Drying; 3.4.2 Biological Approaches for Producing Industrially Stable Probiotics; 3.4.2.1 Screening for Naturally Resistant Strains; 3.4.2.2 Acclimatization of Naturally Occurring Probiotic Strains; 3.4.2.3 Producing Genetically Engineered Strains; 3.5 Safety of Probiotics; 3.6 Technological Hurdles; 3.7 Present and Future of Probiotics; 3.8 Conclusions; References
4 Microencapsulation TechnologiesAbstract; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Ingredients Used in the Formulation of Food-Grade Microencapsulated Products; 4.3 Microencapsulation Technologies for Bioactive Delivery; 4.3.1 Physical Processes; 4.3.1.1 Drying; Spray Drying; Freeze Drying; 4.3.1.2 Spray Chilling; 4.3.1.3 Fluidized Bed Coating; 4.3.1.4 Extrusion; Extrusion-Dripping Technologies; Extrusion Cooking; 4.3.1.5 Spinning Disk Systems; 4.3.1.6 Supercritical Fluid Encapsulation; 4.3.2 Physico-chemical Processes; 4.3.2.1 Coacervation; 4.3.2.2 Inclusion Complexation; 4.3.2.3 Liposome Entrapment