Intro; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; Chapter 1: Applications of Virtual Reality in Clinical Psychology and Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience-An Introduction; References; Chapter 2: Virtual Reality: Whence, How and What For; Virtual Reality: Whence, How and What for; What is Reality Anyway?; Virtual Reality Defined; Creating a Sense of Immersion; Applications and Benefit to Psychological Science; The Threshold Model of Social Influence in Digital Virtual Environments; Independent Factors; Moderating Factors; Applications; True-To-Life Simulations; Mental and Physical Health

Clinical TrainingEducation; Social Influence; Transformed Social Interaction; Self-Representation Transformations; Sensory Abilities Transformations; Situational Context Transformation; Summary; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Virtual Reality and Anxiety Disorders Treatment: Evolution and Future Perspectives; Introduction; Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders; Virtual Reality Software Developments; Virtual Reality and Specific Phobias; Efficacy of Virtual Reality in Specific Phobias Treatment; Acrophobia Treatment using VR-EBT; Arachnophobia Treatment using VR-EBT

Claustrophobia Treatment using VR-EBTFear of Flying Treatment using VR-EBT; Driving Phobia Treatment using VR-EBT; Cockroaches Phobia and Arachnophobia Treatment using AR-EBT; Storm Phobia Treatment using VR-EBT; Social Anxiety Disorder; Efficacy of Virtual Reality in Social Anxiety Disorder and Fear of Public Speaking Treatments; Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia; Efficacy of Virtual Reality in Panic Disorder and/or Agoraphobia Treatments; Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Efficacy of Virtual Reality in Generalized Anxiety Disorder Treatment

Conclusions and Future Directions of Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Anxiety DisordersFuture Directions to Virtual Reality Treatments; References; Chapter 4: Virtual Reality Applications to Treat Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Introduction; The Current State of PTSD Treatment; Medications; Evidence-Based Psychotherapies; Limitations of Current Treatments; Virtual Reality Therapy; The Framework of Virtual Reality for PTSD; The History of Applying Virtual Reality for PTSD; Virtual Vietnam; Virtual World Trade Center; BusWorld; Virtual Motor Vehicle Accident; Virtual Iraq/Afghanistan

Future Horizons in Clinical Work and ResearchReferences; Chapter 5: Using VR for Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders; Definition of OCD and Related Disorders; VR and OCD; VR, OCD, and Checking Behaviors; VR, OCD, and "Just Right" Behaviors; VR, OCD, and Contamination; VR and Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD); VR and Hoarding Disorder; Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Virtual Environments for Substance Abuse Assessment and Treatment; Introduction; Current Substance Abuse Treatment Methods and Associated Challenges; Cues, Craving, and Extinction Related to Substance Abuse